Lexical Summary Pelishti: Philistine Original Word: פְלִשְׁתִּי Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Philistine Patrial from Plesheth; a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth -- Philistine. see HEBREW Plesheth NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom Pelesheth Definition inhab. of Philistia NASB Translation Philistine (33), Philistine's (2), Philistines (250), Philistines' (2). Brown-Driver-Briggs מְּלִשְׁתִּי288 adjective, of a people Philistine, (οί) Φυλιστιειμ; and (not in Hexateuch) (ό) ἀλλόφυλος, (οί) ἀλλόφυλοι; — only as substantive: ׳הַמּ the Philistine (Goliath) slain by David 1 Samuel 17:8 27t. 17, 1 Samuel 18:6; 1 Samuel 19:5; 1 Samuel 21:10; 1 Samuel 22:10; one slain byAbishai 2 Samuel 21:17; elsewhere plural the Philistines,:255 usually מְּלִשְׁתִּים without article, rarely ׳הַמּ 1 Samuel 4:7; 1 Samuel 7:13 + (especially with preposition ׳בַּמּ 1 Samuel 7:13 +, and then perhaps due to punctuators), Genesis 10:14 = 1 Chronicles 1:12; Genesis 26:14,15,18; Judges 3:31 33t. Judges; 1 Samuel 4:1 (twice in verse) + 118 t. 1Samuel; 2 Samuel 1:20 28t. 2Samuel +; ׳אֶרֶץ פ Genesis 21:32,34 12t.; ׳שְׂדֵה פ 1 Samuel 6:1; 1 Samuel 27:7,11; ׳מֶלֶךְ פ Genesis 26:1,8; ׳שָׂרֵי פ 1 Samuel 18:30 5t.; ׳סַרְנֵי פ Joshua 13:3; Judges 3:3 13t.; ׳יָם פ Exodus 23:31; ׳אֱלֹהֵי פ Judges 10:6. — compare כְּרֵתִי, II. כַּפְתּוֺר. On Philistines see also WMMAs.u.Eur.387f. EvansCretan Pictographs, 100 ff. SchwZWT xxxiv. 103 f., 255. Topical Lexicon Ethnic and Geographic Identity The term פְלִשְׁתִּי (Philistine) designates the inhabitants of the coastal plain of southwest Canaan, especially the five-city league of Gaza, Ashkelon, Ashdod, Gath, and Ekron (Joshua 13:3). Originating from “Caphtor” (Amos 9:7), they settled in the land later called Philistia, whose fertile valleys and strategic ports made it a perpetual point of conflict with Israel. The Philistine Pentapolis Joshua records Yahweh’s promise that Israel would one day possess “all the land of the Philistines” (Joshua 13:2–3). Each city-state had its own “lords of the Philistines” (Judges 16:5), yet they acted in concert militarily and religiously, notably in the temple of Dagon (1 Samuel 5:2). Archaeology confirms advanced metallurgy, explaining the Israelites’ lack of iron weapons before the monarchy (1 Samuel 13:19–22). Encounters in the Patriarchal Period Genesis links Philistines with Abraham and Isaac at Gerar. Abraham “resided in the land of the Philistines for a long time” (Genesis 21:34) and made covenant with King Abimelech (Genesis 21:32). Isaac repeated the pattern, reopening wells and receiving the divine promise, “I will give all these lands to your descendants” (Genesis 26:3). Even at this early stage, Philistia symbolizes foreign domination over promised territory, yet also God’s overruling providence. Philistines in the Period of the Judges After Joshua, repeated Philistine oppression exposed Israel’s spiritual infidelity. For forty years (Judges 13:1) Philistine dominance formed the background against which Yahweh raised intermittent deliverers, illustrating both covenant judgment and grace. Confrontations with Saul and David The monarchy arose largely to face Philistine pressure (1 Samuel 9:16). Philistines under the United Monarchy Solomon reigned “over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates River to the land of the Philistines” (1 Kings 4:21). Subsequent kings vacillated: Jehoshaphat received tribute (2 Chronicles 17:11); Jehoram suffered raids (2 Chronicles 21:16–17); Uzziah rebuilt defenses and “God helped him against the Philistines” (2 Chronicles 26:6–7); Hezekiah “defeated the Philistines as far as Gaza” (2 Kings 18:8). These cycles reflect covenant blessings for obedience and curses for apostasy (Leviticus 26). Prophetic Oracles against Philistia Prophets denounced Philistia’s pride and violence: Theological Significance 1. Covenant Testing: Philistine pressure exposed Israel’s faithlessness and highlighted Yahweh’s faithfulness. Typological and Ministry Applications • Warfare imagery encourages spiritual vigilance (Ephesians 6:10-18). Occurrence Summary Approximately 288 Old Testament instances span Genesis to Zechariah. The distribution centers in Judges, 1 Samuel, and 2 Samuel, tapering in Kings, Chronicles, and the Prophets. Select Key References Genesis 21:34; Exodus 13:17; Joshua 13:2–3; Judges 3:31; Judges 13:1; 1 Samuel 4:1; 1 Samuel 5:2–4; 1 Samuel 17:45; 2 Samuel 5:17–25; 2 Kings 18:8; 1 Chronicles 14:17; Isaiah 14:29–31; Jeremiah 47:1–7; Ezekiel 25:15–17; Amos 1:6–8; Zechariah 9:5–7; Zephaniah 2:4–7. Summary Strong’s 6430 portrays a formidable yet ultimately doomed foe whose conflicts with Israel reveal God’s justice, mercy, and sovereign plan culminating in Christ’s kingdom. Forms and Transliterations בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּים֮ בַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים בפלשתים בפלשתים׃ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֤י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי׃ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ הפלשתי הפלשתי׃ הפלשתים וְהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ וּבַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּבַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים ׀ וּפְלִשְׁתִּיִּ֥ים וּפְלִשְׁתִּים֙ ובפלשתים ובפלשתים׃ והפלשתים ומפלשתים ופלשתיים ופלשתים כַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים כפלשתים לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים לַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ לַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ לפלשתים לפלשתים׃ מִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים מִפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים מִפְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ מפלשתים מפלשתים׃ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֤ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֥ים פְּלִשְׁתִּ֧ים פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ פְּלִשְׁתִּים֒ פְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְּלִשְׁתּ֗ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֛ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים פְלִשְׁתִּ֨ים ׀ פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ פְלִשְׁתִּים֩ פְלִשְׁתִּים֮ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פלשתים פלשתים׃ bap·pə·liš·tîm ḇap·pə·liš·tîm bappelishTim bappəlištîm ḇappəlištîm felishTim hap·pə·liš·tî hap·pə·liš·tîm happelishTi happelishTim happəlištî happəlištîm kap·pə·liš·tîm kappelishTim kappəlištîm lap·pə·liš·tîm lappelishTim lappəlištîm mip·pə·liš·tîm mippelishTim mippəlištîm pə·liš·tîm p̄ə·liš·tîm pə·liš·tm pelishTim pelishTm pəlištîm p̄əlištîm pəlištm ū·ḇap·pə·liš·tîm ū·mip·pə·liš·tîm ū·p̄ə·liš·tî·yîm ū·p̄ə·liš·tîm ūḇappəlištîm ufelishTim ufelishtiYim umippelishTim ūmippəlištîm ūp̄əlištîm ūp̄əlištîyîm uvappelishTim vappelishTim vehappelishTim wə·hap·pə·liš·tîm wəhappəlištîmLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 10:14 HEB: יָצְא֥וּ מִשָּׁ֛ם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וְאֶת־ כַּפְתֹּרִֽים׃ NAS: came the Philistines) and Caphtorim. KJV: (out of whom came Philistim,) and Caphtorim. INT: came in it Philistine Caphthorim Genesis 21:32 Genesis 21:34 Genesis 26:1 Genesis 26:8 Genesis 26:14 Genesis 26:15 Genesis 26:18 Exodus 13:17 Exodus 23:31 Joshua 13:2 Joshua 13:3 Judges 3:3 Judges 3:31 Judges 10:6 Judges 10:7 Judges 10:11 Judges 13:1 Judges 13:5 Judges 14:1 Judges 14:2 Judges 14:3 Judges 14:4 Judges 14:4 Judges 15:3 288 Occurrences |