Original Word: שָׁם
Part of Speech: Adverb
Transliteration: sham
Pronunciation: shahm
Phonetic Spelling: (shawm)
Definition: There, thither
Meaning: there, then, thither

in it, thence, there in, of, out, thither, whither

A primitive particle (rather from the relative pronoun, 'aher); there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence -- in it, + thence, there (-in, + of, + out), + thither, + whither.

see HEBREW 'aher

Word Origin
a prim. adverb
Definition
there, thither
NASB Translation
direction (1), everywhere* (1), here (3), place (1), rested* (1), there (609), there for ourselves where (1), there where there (1), there* (2), there...where (1), where (8), where there (2), where* (129), wherever (1), wherever* (6), which (2), whom* (1).

שָׁם adverb there, thither (Arabic there, compare then; Biblical Aramaic תַּמָּה, Egyptian Aramaic תמה S-C^{Pap. A 4, J 6}, ᵑ7 תַּמָּן (with demonstrative n, compare אֱדַיִן beside אֲזַי), Syriac ; Zenj^{Had. 8} (Cooke¹⁵⁹) שם); —

1. a. there Genesis 2:8,12; Genesis 11:2,7,31 + often; placed early in sentence for emphasis, Micah 4:10 שָׁם תִּנָּצֵ֑לִי, Nahum 3:15; Ezekiel 32:22,24; Psalm 104:26 +, וְשָׁם ֗֗֗ Genesis 41:12; Exodus 15:27; Numbers 13:22,33 +, שָׁם ֗֗֗ וְשָׁם Exodus 15:25; Deuteronomy 12:14; Isaiah 27:10; Job 3:17 +, וְהִנֵּה שָׁם ֗֗֗ Genesis 29:2, כִּי שָׁם ֗֗֗ Genesis 11:9; Genesis 21:31; Genesis 35:7; 2 Samuel 1:21; 2 Samuel 15:21 +, אַךְ שָׁם ֗֗֗ Isaiah 34:14,15, גַּם שָׁם ֗֗֗ Isaiah 23:12; Isaiah 57:7; Psalm 139:10; resuming a preceding 'where,' Job 39:30 בַּאֲשֶׁר חֲלָלִים שָׁם הוּא, Judges 5:27; Jeremiah 22:12; Ecclesiastes 11:3, compare Ecclesiastes 1:7. Repeated, שָׁם ֗֗֗ שָׁם here ... there Isaiah 28:10,13. In poetry, pointing to a spot in which a scene is localized vividly in the imagination, Psalm 14:5 שׁם פחדו פחד there feared they a fear! Psalm 36:13, compare Psalm 48:7; Psalm 66:6; Psalm 132:17; Hosea 6:7; Zephaniah 1:14. — Habakkuk 3:4 read probably (We Now) שָׂם the flashes at his side made he the hiding of his power; Ecclesiastes 3:17 שָׁם = with God, in the Divine plan or scheme: but read perhaps שָׂם Hi De and others

b. preceded by the rel., אֲשֶׁר שָׁם where, Genesis 2:11; Exodus 20:21; 1 Samuel 9:10 +, usually with one or more words between, Genesis 13:3,14; Genesis 19:27; Exodus 29:42; 2 Samuel 11:16; 2 Kings 23:27 + often; after בַּאֲשֶׁר, בַּאֲשֶׁר הוּא שָׁם Genesis 21:17. With אשׁר omitted (the relative being indicated by construct, Ges^{§ 130 c, d}) Ezekiel 39:11 מְקוֺם שָׁם קֶבֶר ׳בְּיִשְׂר a place where a grave (may be) in Israel, but ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Co Or and others read שֵׁם a place of renown.

2 thither, after verbs of motion ( = שָׁ֫מָּה, see

3), Deuteronomy 1:37 לֹא תָבאֹ שָׁם, Judges 19:15; Judges 21:10; 1 Samuel 2:14; 1 Samuel 9:6 and elsewhere; אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁם whither, 1 Kings 18:10; 1 Kings 21:18; 2 Kings 1:4,6,16; Isaiah 20:6, more often in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, as Jeremiah 8:3; Jeremiah 22:27; Jeremiah 23:3,8; Jeremiah 45:5 +, Ezekiel 4:13; Ezekiel 12:16; Ezekiel 36:20,22 +; so שֶׁשָּׁם Psalm 122:4.

3 with ה locative, שָׁ֫מָּה (sh¹mm¹h):

a. after verbs of motion, thither, Genesis 19:20 לָנוּס שָׁ֫מָּה to flee thither, Genesis 19:22; Genesis 20:13; Genesis 24:6; Genesis 29:3; Deuteronomy 1:38 + often; = into it, therein (of a basket, pit, etc.), Exodus 16:33 וְתֶןשָֿׁ֫מָּה מְלֹא הָעֹמֶר, Exodus 21:33 וְנָפַל שָׁמָּה, Exodus 30:18; Judges 8:25; 2 Kings 12:10; pregnantly, after a verb implying motion, as to bury, Genesis 23:13 וְאֶקְבְּרָה אֶתמֵֿתִי שָׁ֫מָּה, Genesis 25:10; Genesis 49:31; Genesis 50:5 (all P), נוֺעַד to meet Exodus 29:42,43; Exodus 30:6,36; Numbers 17:19 (all P), Joshua 2:16; Joshua 7:3; Jeremiah 13:7; Joel 4:7, perhaps Songs 8:5 (? c).

b. אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁ֫מָּה whither Genesis 20:13; Numbers 33:54; Deuteronomy 4:5,14 + often; where 2 Kings 23:8; 1 Chronicles 4:41.

c. more rarely, i. q. שָׁם there, Genesis 43:30 וַיֵּבְךְ שָׁ֫מָּה, Joshua 2:1; Judges 16:27; 2 Kings 4:11; 2 Kings 9:16; Hosea 2:17; Isaiah 22:18; Isaiah 34:15; Isaiah 65:9; Jeremiah 18:2; Jeremiah 27:22; Ezekiel 23:3; Ezekiel 32:29,30 (Ezekiel 32:22; Ezekiel 32:24; Ezekiel 32:26 שָׁם), Ezekiel 48:35 שָׁ֫מָּה ׳י, Psalm 76:4; Psalm 122:5; Ecclesiastes 3:16.

4 מִשָּׁם from there, thence:

a. often after verbs of departing, taking, etc., Genesis 2:10; Genesis 11:8,9; Genesis 12:8; Genesis 18:16; Genesis 24:7; Genesis 42:2, etc., Numbers 13:23; Numbers 21:12; Numbers 22:41 וַיַּרְא מִשָּׁם, Deuteronomy 4:29 וּבִקַּשְׁתֶּם מִשָּׁם, Deuteronomy 30:4; Jeremiah 37:12; Hosea 2:17; Amos 9:2,3,4; Job 39:29 +. Peculiarly, Genesis 49:24 ׳מִשָּׁם רֹעֶה אֶבֶן יִשְׂר Ges De RVm from there [from heaven], (from) the Shepherd (׳י), the Stone (Rock) of Israel, Ew Di Sta from there (where is) the Shepherd of (רֹעֵה) the (Bethel-)stone of Israel; but both forced: text dubious; Gunk by the name (מִשֵּׁם; so ᵑ6) of the Shepherd, etc. (as Ew Di).

b. אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ מִשָּׁם whence Genesis 24:5; Numbers 23:13 +.

c. expressing origin, Genesis 3:23 the ground אֲשֶׁר לֻקַּח מִשָּׁם, Genesis 10:14 whence (= from whom) came forth the Philistines, Judges 19:18 מִשָּׁם אָנֹכִי, 1 Samuel 10:12 אִישׁ מִשָּׁם, Isaiah 65:20.

d. of the mass, from which something is taken or made, Genesis 27:9; Genesis 30:32 (of צאֹן), Leviticus 2:2 ׳וְקָמַץ מִשָּׁם זגו (from the meal, etc., of a מנחה), 1 Kings 17:13 אַךְ עֲשִׁי לִי מִשָּׁם עֻגָה קְטַנָּה i.e. from the meal and oil, 2 Kings 7:2,19 וּמִשָּׁם לֹא תאֵֹ˜כל׃, Ezekiel 5:3.

Word Origin: Derived from an unused root meaning to be desolate.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G1563 (ἐκεῖ, ekei): A Greek adverb meaning "there," used similarly to indicate a specific place or point in time.
• G1564 (ἐκεῖθεν, ekeithen): A Greek adverb meaning "from there," often used to denote origin or departure from a specific location.
• G1566 (ἐκεῖσε, ekeise): A Greek adverb meaning "thither" or "to that place," indicating direction towards a specific location.

These Greek terms serve similar functions in the New Testament as "sham" does in the Old Testament, providing spatial and temporal context within the narrative.

Usage: The term "sham" appears frequently in the Hebrew Bible, often used to denote a specific place or time. It is a common word that helps to provide context within narratives, indicating where events occur or where individuals are directed to go.

Context: The Hebrew word "sham" is a versatile adverb used extensively throughout the Old Testament. It is primarily employed to specify a location, often in contrast to "here" (Hebrew: פֹּה, poh). For example, in Genesis 2:8, "The LORD God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there (שָׁם) He placed the man He had formed." This usage underscores the specific placement of the garden and the man within the narrative.

"Sham" can also indicate a point in time, as seen in narrative sequences where events unfold. In Genesis 22:9, "When they arrived at the place that God had designated, Abraham built the altar there (שָׁם) and arranged the wood." Here, "sham" marks the culmination of Abraham's journey to the designated site for sacrifice.

The word is also used in legal and ritual contexts, such as in Deuteronomy 12:5, "Instead, you must seek the place that the LORD your God will choose from among all your tribes to establish His name as a dwelling. To that place (שָׁם) you are to bring everything I command you." This usage highlights the importance of specific locations in the worship and covenantal practices of Israel.

Overall, "sham" is a critical term for understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics within the biblical text, providing clarity and specificity to the narrative and legal instructions.

וְ֠שָׁם וְשָׁ֕מָּה וְשָׁ֖ם וְשָׁ֖מָּה וְשָׁ֗ם וְשָׁ֙מָּה֙ וְשָׁ֞ם וְשָׁ֡ם וְשָׁ֣ם וְשָׁ֣מָּה וְשָׁ֤ם וְשָׁ֥ם וְשָׁ֥מָּה וְשָׁ֨ם וְשָׁם֙ וּמִשָּׁ֖ם וּמִשָּׁ֤ם וּמִשָּׁם֙ ומשם ושם ושמה ם מִ֠שָּׁם מִשָּֽׁם׃ מִשָּׁ֑ם מִשָּׁ֔ם מִשָּׁ֔ם֙ מִשָּׁ֖ם מִשָּׁ֗ם מִשָּׁ֛ם מִשָּׁ֜ם מִשָּׁ֡ם מִשָּׁ֣ם מִשָּׁ֤ם מִשָּׁ֥ם מִשָּׁ֨ם מִשָּׁם֒ מִשָּׁם֙ מִשָּׁם֩ מִשָּׁם֮ מה משם משם׃ שֶׁשָּׁ֨ם שָּׁ֑ם שָּׁ֔ם שָּׁ֖ם שָּׁ֗ם שָּׁ֙מָּה֙ שָּׁ֛ם שָּׁ֜ם שָּׁ֣ם שָּׁ֣ם ׀ שָּׁ֥ם ׀ שָּׁ֨ם שָּׁם֙ שָֽׁם־ שָֽׁם׃ שָֽׁמָּה׃ שָׁ֑ם שָׁ֑מָּה שָׁ֔ם שָׁ֔מָּה שָׁ֔מָה שָׁ֕ם שָׁ֕מָּה שָׁ֖ם שָׁ֖מָּה שָׁ֗ם שָׁ֗מָּה שָׁ֙מָּה֙ שָׁ֚ם שָׁ֚מָּה שָׁ֛ם שָׁ֛מָּה שָׁ֜ם שָׁ֜מָּה שָׁ֝֗ם שָׁ֞ם שָׁ֠ם שָׁ֣ם שָׁ֣מָּה שָׁ֤ם שָׁ֤ם ׀ שָׁ֤מָּה שָׁ֥ם שָׁ֥מָּה שָׁ֧ם שָׁ֨ם שָׁ֨ם ׀ שָׁ֨מָּה שָׁ֨מָּה ׀ שָׁ֭ם שָׁ֭מָּה שָׁם֒ שָׁם֙ שָׁ֙מָּה֙ שם שם־ שם׃ שמה שמה׃ ששם m mah māh miš·šām mishSham Mishshom miššām šā·māh šām šām- šām·māh šāmāh šāmmāh šeš·šām šeššām Sham Shamah Shammah sheshSham ū·miš·šām umishSham ūmiššām veSham veShammah Veshom wə·šām wə·šām·māh wəšām wəšāmmāhInterlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts