Lexical Summary dagan: Grain, Corn Original Word: דָּגָן Strong's Exhaustive Concordance corn floor, wheat From dagah; properly, increase, i.e. Grain -- corn ((floor)), wheat. see HEBREW dagah NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom an unused word Definition corn, grain (of cereals) NASB Translation food (1), grain (38). Brown-Driver-Briggs דָּגָן noun masculine corn, grain (of cereals) (Late Hebrew id., Samaritan  see Thes.; compare Phoenician ארצת דגן) — דָּגָן Genesis 27:28 29t.; construct דְּגַן Psalm 78:24; suffix דְּגָנִי Hosea 2:11, דְּגָָֽנְךָ Deuteronomy 7:13; Deuteronomy 12:17; Deuteronomy 14:23; Deuteronomy 18:4, דְּגָנֶ֑ךָ Deuteronomy 11:14, דְּגָנֵךְ Isaiah 62:8, דְּגָנָם Psalm 4:8; Psalm 65:10 — corn, with תִּירוֺשׁ must, q. v., Genesis 27:28,37 (both J) Psalm 4:8; Isaiah 62:8; Hosea 2:11; Hosea 7:14; Hosea 9:1; Zechariah 9:17; compare also Numbers 18:27 (P; here, for תירושׁ, מְלֵאָה מִןהַֿיָּ֑קֶב), Lamentations 2:12 (where יַיִן), Hosea 14:8 (where גֶּפֶן & לְבָנוֺן יֵין); ארץ דגן ותירושׁ of land of Canaan Deuteronomy 33:28; of land of captives (words of the Rabshak) 2 Kings 18:32 = Isaiah 36:17 (other products, also, named in both); usually with תירושׁ & יצהר Numbers 18:12; Deuteronomy 7:13; Deuteronomy 11:14; Deuteronomy 12:17; Deuteronomy 14:23; Deuteronomy 18:4; Deuteronomy 28:51; 2Chronicles 31:5 (+דבשׁ) 2 Chronicles 32:28; Nehemiah 5:11; Nehemiah 10:40; Nehemiah 13:5,12; Jeremiah 31:12; Hosea 2:10; Hosea 2:24; Joel 1:10; Joel 2:19; Haggai 1:11; also Joel 1:17 Me; (compare 2 Kings 18:32; Isaiah 36:17 above); alone, rare and late Nehemiah 5:2,3,10; Psalm 65:10; Ezekiel 36:29; דְּגַןשָֿׁמַיִם Psalm 78:24; — of the above the following refer to firstfruits offered to the priests Numbers 18:12 (compare Numbers 18:27) Deuteronomy 18:4; 2Chronicles 31:5; to tithe Deuteronomy 12:17; Deuteronomy 14:23; Nehemiah 13:5,12; to both Generally Nehemiah 10:40; to loaning on usury Nehemiah 5:10,11. Topical Lexicon Meaning and Agricultural Background דָּגָן (dagan) denotes the cultivated cereal crops—principally wheat and barley—that formed the staple food of ancient Israel. It covers the entire process from standing grain, through harvest, to stored produce. In a land where rainfall is limited to two main seasons, grain was the clearest barometer of the LORD’s favor (Psalm 65:11-13). Geographical and Seasonal Setting Barley ripened first, around the Feast of Unleavened Bread, followed by wheat about seven weeks later at Shavuot (Pentecost). Harvesting, threshing, winnowing, and storage in clay-lined pits or rock-hewn silos preserved the grain against drought or siege (2 Chronicles 32:28). These rhythms shaped the calendar, liturgy, and economy of Israel. Covenant Blessings and Curses Grain abundance or scarcity is repeatedly tied to covenant obedience. Thus dagan becomes a theological metric: plenty marks divine favor; failure signals judgment (Hosea 2:9; Joel 1:10). Ritual and Liturgical Use 1. Firstfruits. Israelites brought “the first of your grain” to the sanctuary (Deuteronomy 18:4), acknowledging that harvest belongs to God. Royal and Administrative Management Kings organized grain storage both for prosperity and crisis. Solomon supplied King Hiram “twenty thousand cors of wheat as food for his household” annually (1 Kings 5:11). Hezekiah’s storehouses (2 Chronicles 32:28) and Nehemiah’s temple chambers (Nehemiah 13:5) show that political and religious leadership were intertwined in grain administration. Prophetic and Poetic Imagery Poets use grain as a metaphor for joy and security: “You have filled my heart with more joy than when grain and new wine abound” (Psalm 4:7). Prophets envision restoration with overflowing granaries: “The threshing floors will be full of grain” (Joel 2:24). Conversely, withheld grain pictures desolation (Amos 5:11; Habakkuk 3:17). Eschatological Hope and Messianic Foreshadowing Psalm 72:16 foresees Messianic abundance: “May there be an abundance of grain in the land.” In New Testament fulfillment, Jesus identifies Himself as the “grain of wheat” that dies to bring life (John 12:24) and the “bread of life” (John 6:35), gathering into Himself the symbolism of dagan as life-sustaining provision. Practical Theology and Ministry Lessons • Stewardship: Honors God through firstfruits and tithes (Proverbs 3:9-10). Representative References Genesis 27:28,37; Deuteronomy 7:13; 11:14; 12:17; 14:28-29; 18:4; 1 Kings 5:11; 2 Chronicles 32:28; Nehemiah 13:12; Psalm 4:7; 65:11-13; 72:16; Jeremiah 31:12; Joel 2:19,24; Amos 5:11; Haggai 1:10-11. Forms and Transliterations דְּ֝גָנָ֗ם דְּגָ֨נְךָ֜ דְּגָֽנְךָ֙ דְּגָֽנְךָ֜ דְּגָנֵ֨ךְ דְּגָנָ֖ם דְגָנִי֙ דְגָנֶ֔ךָ דָּגָ֔ן דָּגָ֖ן דָּגָ֗ן דָּגָ֣ן דָּגָ֧ן דָּגָ֨ן דָּגָֽן׃ דָּגָן֙ דָגָ֖ן דגן דגן׃ דגני דגנך דגנם הַדָּגָ֖ן הַדָּגָ֛ן הַדָּגָן֙ הַדָּגָן֮ הדגן וְדָגָ֑ן וְדָגָ֥ן וְהַדָּגָן֙ וּדְגַן־ ודגן ודגןש־ והדגן כַּדָּגָן֙ כדגן dā·ḡān ḏā·ḡān daGan dāḡān ḏāḡān də·ḡā·nām də·ḡā·nə·ḵā ḏə·ḡā·ne·ḵā də·ḡā·nêḵ ḏə·ḡā·nî degaNam dəḡānām degaNech deGanecha dəḡānêḵ dəḡānəḵā ḏəḡāneḵā degaNi ḏəḡānî had·dā·ḡān haddaGan haddāḡān kad·dā·ḡān kaddaGan kaddāḡān ū·ḏə·ḡa·nō·šā- ūḏəḡanōšā- udeganoSha vedaGan vehaddaGan wə·ḏā·ḡān wə·had·dā·ḡān wəḏāḡān wəhaddāḡānLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 27:28 HEB: הָאָ֑רֶץ וְרֹ֥ב דָּגָ֖ן וְתִירֹֽשׁ׃ NAS: And an abundance of grain and new wine; KJV: and plenty of corn and wine: INT: of the earth and an abundance of grain and new Genesis 27:37 Numbers 18:12 Numbers 18:27 Deuteronomy 7:13 Deuteronomy 11:14 Deuteronomy 12:17 Deuteronomy 14:23 Deuteronomy 18:4 Deuteronomy 28:51 Deuteronomy 33:28 2 Kings 18:32 2 Chronicles 31:5 2 Chronicles 32:28 Nehemiah 5:2 Nehemiah 5:3 Nehemiah 5:10 Nehemiah 5:11 Nehemiah 10:39 Nehemiah 13:5 Nehemiah 13:12 Psalm 4:7 Psalm 65:9 Psalm 78:24 Isaiah 36:17 40 Occurrences |
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