Original Word: חֹדֶשׁ
Part of Speech: Noun Masculine
Transliteration: chodesh
Pronunciation: kho'-desh
Phonetic Spelling: (kho'-desh)
Definition: Month, New Moon
Meaning: the new moon, a month

monthly, new moon

From chadash; the new moon; by implication, a month -- month(-ly), new moon.

see HEBREW chadash

Word Origin
from chadash
Definition
new moon, a month
NASB Translation
month (204), month and months (1), month throughout the months (2), months (33), new moon (17), new moons (9).

I. חֹ֫דֶשׁ₂₈₂ noun masculine^{Genesis 7:11} (feminine ᵑ0 Genesis 38:24 but masculine Sam Di) (newness), new moon, month (on formation compare Lg^{BN 144}; on usage, names, etc., Muss-Arn^{JBL 1892, 72 ff., 160 ff.}) — ׳ח absolute Genesis 7:11 +; construct (rare) Genesis 29:14 +; suffix חָדְשׁוֺ Numbers 28:14 2t.; חָדְשָׁהּ Hosea 2:13; Jeremiah 2:24; plural חֳדָשִׁים Genesis 38:24 +; construct חָדְשֵׁי Exodus 12:2 2t.; suffix חֳדָשָׁיו Job 14:5 2t.; חָדְשֵׁיכֶם Isaiah 1:14; Numbers 28:11; חָדְשֵׁכֶם Numbers 10:10; —

1 new moon = day, time, of new moon, as religious festival 1 Samuel 20:5,18,24,27,34 (Dr); compare ׳יאֹכְלֵם ח Hosea 5:7 a new moon shall devour them, Hi St VB, but on text see We; usually "" שַׁבָּת Amos 8:5; 2 Kings 4:23; Isaiah 1:13 (+ קְרֹא מִקְרָא), מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isaiah 66:23, Ezekiel 46:1,6 (both ׳יוֺם הַח), 1 Chronicles 23:31; 2Chron 2:3; 2 Chronicles 8:13; 31:3; Nehemiah 10:34 (all + מוֺעֵד), Hosea 2:13; Ezekiel 45:17 (both + חג, מועד); "" מוֺעֵד alone Isaiah 1:14; Ezekiel 3:5; "" יוֺם חַגֵּנוּ Psalm 81:4; (compare ׳ראֹשׁ הַח Numbers 10:10; Numbers 28:11; on religious observance of new moon compare Di^{Lv p. 578 f} Benz^{Archäol. § 69}); as time of augury in Babylon (astrological prognostication) Isaiah 47:13.

2 month (as beginning with new moon, lunar month; compare Benz^{Archäol. § 30}, but then, without reference to day of beginning);

a. as measure of time during which Genesis 38:24 (J), Numbers 11:20,21 (JE), Numbers 9:22 (P), Judges 11:37,38,39; Judges 20:47; 1 Samuel 6:1; 1 Samuel 27:7; 2 Samuel 2:11; 2 Samuel 5:5; 2 Samuel 6:11; 2 Samuel 24:8,13 = 1 Chronicles 21:12; Amos 4:7; 1 Kings 4:7; 1 Kings 5:7; 1 Kings 5:28 (3 t. in verse); 1 Kings 11:16; 2 Kings 15:8; 2 Kings 23:31; 2 Kings 24:8; Ezekiel 39:12,14; 1 Chronicles 3:4; 1 Chronicles 13:14; 2Chronicles 36:2,9; Esther 2:12 (3 t. in verse). In 1 Samuel 10:27b read probably כְּמֵחֹדֶשׁ for ᵑ0 כמחרישׁ, and join to 1 Samuel 11:1, so ᵐ5 We Dr (compare Genesis 38:24); in combinations, יָמִים ׳ח a month (of) time (compare יֶרַח ימים Deuteronomy 21:1; 2 Kings 15:13) Genesis 29:14 (J), Numbers 11:20,26 (JE), ׳ימים ארבעה ח Judges 19:2; of age ׳מִסְמַּרחֿ number of his months =length of his life Job 14:5; Job 21:21; compare especially ׳בֶּןחֿ Leviticus 27:6; Numbers 3:15,22,28,34,39,40,43; Numbers 18:16; Numbers 26:22 (all P).

b. calendar months, (1) with names הָאָבִיב ׳ח Exodus 13:4; Exodus 23:15; Exodus 34:18 (twice in verse) (all J E; = 1st month Exodus 12:2 P), Deuteronomy 16:11; זִו ׳ח 1 Kings 6:1 ( = 2nd mo. ib.; = יֶרַח זִו 1 Kings 6:37); compare 1 Kings 8:2 (הַשְּׁבִיעִי ׳הַח = יֶרַךְ הָאֵתָנִים), 1 Kings 6:38 (הַשְּׁמִינִי ׳הַח = יֶרַח בּוּל); in the post-exilic books occur Babylonian names (see the several words): — נִיסָן ׳ח Nehemiah 2:1; Esther 3:7 ( = 1st mo. Esther 3:7); סִיוָן ׳ח Esther 8:9 = 3rd mo.; כִּסְלֵו ׳ח Zechariah 7:1; Nehemiah 1:1 ( = 9th mo. Zechariah 7:1); טֵבֵ֑ת ׳ח Esther 2:16 = 10th mo.; שְׁבָט ׳ח Zechariah 1:7 = 11th mo.; אֲדָר ׳ח Esther 3:7,13; Esther 8:12; Esther 9:1 in all = 12th mo., Esther 9:15,17,19,21; (compare also אֱלוּל Nehemiah 6:15, without ׳ח or יֶרַךְ; this was 6th mo.; see further Schr^{COT Nehemiah 1:1} Benz^l.c.). (2) merely numbered (chiefly P and late) e.g. הַשֵּׁנִי ׳בַּח Genesis 7:11, compare Genesis 8:4,5,14; Leviticus 16:29; Numbers 1:1,18 (all P) + often P; Deuteronomy 1:3 (P), 1 Kings 12:32; 1 Kings 12:33; 1Ki 25:1; 1Ki 25:3; 1Ki 25:8; 1Ki 25:25; 1Ki 25:27; Jeremiah 1:3 11t. Jeremiah; Ezekiel 24:1; Ezekiel 32:1; Haggai 1:1,15; Zechariah 1:1; Zechariah 7:1,13; 1 Chronicles 12:15, compare entire list 1 Chronicles 27:2-15; 2Chronicles 3:2 12t. 2 Chronicles; Ezra 3:1 10t. Ezra; Nehemiah 7:72; Nehemiah 8:2,14; Esther 3:12; note especially הַזֶּה לָכֶם ראֹשׁ חָדָשִׁ֑ים רִאשׁוֺן הוּא לָכֶם ׳הַח Exodus 12:2 (P), as implying that the 1st mo. was formerly not in the spring; observe also usage of omitting ׳ח, e.g. בָּרִאשׁוֺן = ׳הָר ׳בַּח Genesis 8:13, compare Genesis 8:5; so commonly in Ezek.: — Ezekiel 1:1; Ezekiel 8:1; Ezekiel 20:1; Ezekiel 29:1,17; Ezekiel 30:20; Ezekiel 31:1; Ezekiel 33:21; Ezekiel 45:18,21,25 + Ezekiel 26:1; Ezekiel 32:17; Ezekiel 45:20 Co; (׳ח sometimes expressed, see Ezekiel 24:1; Ezekiel 32:1 above; on like usage with יום see יום). (3) special phrases and usages are: — עֹלַת חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ לְחָדְשֵׁי שָׁנָה Numbers 28:14 (P; compare יום, and Isaiah 66:23 above

1); מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם וּמֵחֹדֶשׁ לְחֹדֶשׁ Esther 3:7 from day to day and from month to month; חָדְשָׁהּ Jeremiah 2:24 of wild she-ass's mating time.

Word Origin: Derived from the root חָדַשׁ (chadash), meaning "to be new" or "to renew."

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G1859 (heortē): While primarily meaning "feast" or "festival," this term can be associated with the new moon festivals.
• G2250 (hēmera): Meaning "day," this term is relevant in the context of marking time, including the new moon day.
• G3376 (mēn): Directly translates to "month," corresponding to the Hebrew חֹדֶשׁ in its use as a time unit.
• G3561 (noumēnia): Specifically refers to the "new moon," directly paralleling the Hebrew חֹדֶשׁ in its primary sense.

Usage: The word חֹדֶשׁ is used in the Hebrew Bible to denote both the concept of the new moon, marking the beginning of a new month, and the month itself as a unit of time. It appears frequently in contexts related to the calendar, religious observances, and historical events.

Context: • New Moon Observance: In ancient Israel, the new moon was a significant event, marking the start of a new month. It was often observed with special sacrifices and gatherings. The new moon is mentioned in various contexts, such as in 1 Samuel 20:5, where David speaks of the new moon festival: "Look, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I am supposed to dine with the king. But let me go so that I may hide in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow."
• Religious Significance: The new moon held religious importance, as seen in passages like Numbers 10:10, which instructs the Israelites to blow trumpets over their burnt offerings and fellowship offerings at the beginning of their months.
• Monthly Cycle: The term חֹדֶשׁ is also used to denote the monthly cycle, as in Genesis 7:11, which describes the timing of the flood: "In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, on the seventeenth day of the second month—on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst forth, and the floodgates of the heavens were opened."
• Cultural Context: The lunar calendar was central to the agricultural and religious life of ancient Israel, with the new moon serving as a time marker for various festivals and events.

בְּחָדְשָׁ֖הּ בְּחָדְשׁ֔וֹ בְּחֹ֔דֶשׁ בְּחֹ֖דֶשׁ בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ בְחֹֽדֶשׁ־ בַּחֹ֑דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֖דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֤דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֥דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֧דֶשׁ בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ בַחֹ֔דֶשׁ בַחֹ֣דֶשׁ בחדש בחדש־ בחדשה בחדשו הֶחֳדָשִׁ֜ים הַחֹ֔דֶשׁ הַחֹ֖דֶשׁ הַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ הַחֹ֜דֶשׁ הַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַחֹ֤דֶשׁ הַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַחֹ֧דֶשׁ החדש החדשים וְהַחֹ֗דֶשׁ וְלֶ֣חֳדָשִׁ֔ים וְלֶחֳדָשִׁ֣ים וּבֶחֳדָשִׁ֑ים וּבֶחֳדָשִׁים֙ וּבַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ וּבַחֹ֣דֶשׁ וּבַחֹ֤דֶשׁ וּבַחֹ֥דֶשׁ וּבַחֹ֨דֶשׁ וּמֵחֹ֛דֶשׁ ובחדש ובחדשים והחדש ולחדשים ומחדש חֳ֠דָשִׁים חֳדָשִֽׁים׃ חֳדָשִׁ֑ים חֳדָשִׁ֔ים חֳדָשִׁ֖ים חֳדָשִׁ֗ים חֳדָשִׁ֛ים חֳדָשִׁ֜ים חֳדָשִׁים֙ חֳדָשָׁ֣יו חֳדָשָׁ֥יו חָדְשֵׁ֣י חָדְשֵׁיכֶ֔ם חָדְשֵׁיכֶ֤ם חָדְשֵׁיכֶם֒ חָדְשָׁ֣הּ חָדְשׁ֑וֹ חֹ֑דֶשׁ חֹ֔דֶשׁ חֹ֖דֶשׁ חֹ֗דֶשׁ חֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ חֹ֚דֶשׁ חֹ֜דֶשׁ חֹ֣דֶשׁ חֹ֤דֶשׁ חֹ֥דֶשׁ חֹ֧דֶשׁ חדש חדשה חדשו חדשי חדשיו חדשיכם חדשים חדשים׃ לְחָדְשֵׁ֖י לְחֹ֣דֶשׁ לְחֹ֥דֶשׁ לֶחֳדָשִׁ֔ים לֶחֳדָשִׁ֖ים לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ לַחֹ֔דֶשׁ לַחֹ֖דֶשׁ לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ לַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ לַחֹ֛דֶשׁ לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ לַחֹ֤דֶשׁ לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ לַחֹֽדֶשׁ׃ לַחֹדֶשׁ֒ לַחֹדֶשׁ֩ לָֽחֳדָשָׁיו֙ לחדש לחדש׃ לחדשי לחדשיו לחדשים ba·ḥō·ḏeš ḇa·ḥō·ḏeš baChodesh baḥōḏeš ḇaḥōḏeš bə·ḥā·ḏə·šāh bə·ḥā·ḏə·šōw bə·ḥō·ḏeš ḇə·ḥō·ḏeš- bechadeShah bechadeSho beChodesh bəḥāḏəšāh bəḥāḏəšōw bəḥōḏeš ḇəḥōḏeš- chadeShah chadeShei chadesheiChem chadeSho chodaShav chodaShim Chodesh ḥā·ḏə·šāh ḥā·ḏə·šê ḥā·ḏə·šê·ḵem ḥā·ḏə·šōw ha·ḥō·ḏeš haChodesh ḥāḏəšāh ḥāḏəšê ḥāḏəšêḵem ḥāḏəšōw haḥōḏeš he·ḥo·ḏā·šîm hechodaShim heḥoḏāšîm ḥo·ḏā·šāw ḥo·ḏā·šîm ḥō·ḏeš ḥoḏāšāw ḥoḏāšîm ḥōḏeš lā·ḥo·ḏā·šāw la·ḥō·ḏeš laChodesh lāḥoḏāšāw laḥōḏeš lə·ḥā·ḏə·šê le·ḥo·ḏā·šîm lə·ḥō·ḏeš lechadeShei lechodaShim leChodesh ləḥāḏəšê leḥoḏāšîm ləḥōḏeš lochodaShav ū·ḇa·ḥō·ḏeš ū·ḇe·ḥo·ḏā·šîm ū·mê·ḥō·ḏeš ūḇaḥōḏeš ūḇeḥoḏāšîm umeChodesh ūmêḥōḏeš uvaChodesh uvechodaShim vaChodesh vechodesh vehaChodesh veLechodaShim wə·ha·ḥō·ḏeš wə·le·ḥo·ḏā·šîm wəhaḥōḏeš wəleḥoḏāšîmInterlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts