Lexical Summary Qenaz: Kenaz Original Word: קְנַז Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Kenaz Probably from an unused root meaning to hunt; hunter; Kenaz, the name of an Edomite and of two Israelites -- Kenaz. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain derivation Definition an Edomite, also two Isr. NASB Translation Kenaz (11). Brown-Driver-Briggs קְנַז proper name, masculine in Edom, Κενεζ: son of Eliphaz Genesis 36:11 = 1 Chronicles 1:36; Genesis 36:15 compare Genesis 36:42 = 1 Chronicles 1:53, and father of Othniel Joshua 15:17; Judges 1:13; Judges 3:9,11(see DiGn Bu RS 9.Comm. Judges 1:13 GFM Judges 1:13ff. MeyEntstehung 115 f.). Topical Lexicon Occurrences and Identification קְנַז (Kenaz) appears eleven times in the Old Testament, designating two principal lineages and, by extension, the clan (Kenizzite) that arose from them. The name surfaces in Genesis 36:11, 15, 42; Joshua 15:17; Judges 1:13; Judges 3:9, 11; 1 Chronicles 1:36, 53; 1 Chronicles 4:13, 15. Kenaz in the Line of Esau The earliest references (Genesis 36; 1 Chronicles 1) place Kenaz among the sons of Eliphaz, the firstborn of Esau, situating him firmly within Edom. Twice Kenaz is counted in the lists of “chiefs” (Genesis 36:15; 36:42), reflecting social prominence and military authority in Seir. Though descended from Abraham through Esau, this Kenaz and his descendants stand outside the covenant line that flows through Jacob, yet Scripture records their governance to trace the unfolding of God’s promises concerning Edom (Genesis 25:23; Obadiah 1–21). The Edomite chiefs demonstrate the temporal rise of Esau’s house, which ultimately gives way to Israel’s dominion under David (2 Samuel 8:14). Kenaz within Judah A separate Kenaz emerges in the tribe of Judah, linked repeatedly to Caleb: The Chronicler also records a later descendant named Kenaz, “the son of Elah” (1 Chronicles 4:15), indicating the name’s durability within Caleb’s house. Whether the first Judahite Kenaz was Caleb’s literal brother or a more distant kinsman, the passages consistently portray his family as fully integrated into Judah’s inheritance, fighting beside Caleb for the hill country around Hebron and Debir. Othniel son of Kenaz: Faithful Judge Though Kenaz himself never occupies center stage, his son does. When Israel “cried out to the LORD” under Mesopotamian oppression, “He raised up Othniel son of Kenaz… as a deliverer” (Judges 3:9). Othniel’s victory and the ensuing forty years of rest (Judges 3:11) inaugurate the era of the Judges and model the covenant rhythm of apostasy, oppression, supplication, deliverance, and peace. The legacy of Kenaz is therefore bound to the Spirit-empowered leadership of his son, affirming God’s pattern of working through families devoted to Him. Territorial Significance and Kenizzite Assimilation Genesis 15:19 lists the Kenizzites among the peoples promised to Abraham, implying an early, non-Israelite identity. By the conquest under Joshua, “Othniel son of Kenaz” fights as a Judahite, showing that the Kenizzites—at least Caleb’s branch—had joined Israel before Sinai (cf. Exodus 12:38). Their inheritance around Hebron became a model of Gentile grafting into the covenant community on the basis of faith (Numbers 14:24). Thus Kenaz’s name marks both an Edomite chief and a Judahite clan, illustrating divine prerogative to incorporate or to overthrow according to His purposes. Theological and Ministry Implications 1. Adoption by Faith: The Kenizzite connection to Caleb and Othniel demonstrates that lineage need not hinder participation in God’s promises; wholehearted trust secures a place among His people. Summary קְנַז threads through Scripture as both an Edomite ruler and a Judahite patriarch. The former embodies Esau’s temporary power; the latter, through Othniel, pioneers Spirit-led leadership in Israel. Together they highlight divine sovereignty over nations, the inclusivity of faith, and the lasting fruit of a household devoted to God. Forms and Transliterations וּקְנַֽז׃ וקנז׃ קְנַ֔ז קְנַ֖ז קְנַ֛ז קְנַֽז׃ קנז קנז׃ keNaz qə·naz qənaz ū·qə·naz ukeNaz ūqənazLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 36:11 HEB: צְפ֥וֹ וְגַעְתָּ֖ם וּקְנַֽז׃ NAS: Zepho and Gatam and Kenaz. KJV: Zepho, and Gatam, and Kenaz. INT: Zepho and Gatam and Kenaz Genesis 36:15 Genesis 36:42 Joshua 15:17 Judges 1:13 Judges 3:9 Judges 3:11 1 Chronicles 1:36 1 Chronicles 1:53 1 Chronicles 4:13 1 Chronicles 4:15 11 Occurrences |