Lexical Summary tebuah: Produce, yield, increase, revenue, harvest Original Word: תְּבוּאָה Strong's Exhaustive Concordance ark From bow'; income, i.e. Produce (literally or figuratively) -- fruit, gain, increase, revenue. see HEBREW bow' NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom bo Definition product, revenue NASB Translation crop (4), crops (6), gain (1), harvest (4), income (4), increase (3), produce (10), product (3), revenue (2), yield (5), yield may increase (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs תְּבוּאָה noun feminine proventus, product, revenue — ׳תּ absolute Psalm 107:37 3t.; construct תְּבוּאַת Leviticus 23:39 11t.; suffix תְּבוּאָתִי Job 31:12; Proverbs 8:19; תְּבוּאָתְּךָ Deuteronomy 14:28 2t.; תְּבוּאָתֶ֑ךָ Proverbs 3:9; תְּכוּאָתוֺ Leviticus 19:25 + Ezekiel 48:18 Qr (Kt תבואתה), תְּבוּאָתֹה Jeremiah 2:3; תְּבוּאָתָהּ Exodus 23:10 7t. + Ezekiel 48:18 Kt (so Co); תְּבוּאָתֵנוּ Leviticus 25:20; plural תְּבוּאֹת Leviticus 25:15 4t.; תְּכוּאוֺת Proverbs 14:4; Proverbs 16:8; תְּבוּאֹתֵיכֶם Jeremiah 12:13; — 1 product, yield, usually of earth (= crops, etc.) הָאָרֶץ ׳תּ Exodus 23:10; Leviticus 19:25; Leviticus 23:29; Leviticus 25:3,7 (used as food for man & beast, compare Leviticus 25:22) Joshua 5:12, compare Nehemiah 9:37; Leviticus 25:15,16, also Ezekiel 48:18; in Genesis 47:24 ׳בַּתּ must = of the crops (בּ partitive, compare בְּ I. 2. b; ᵐ5 strike out בְּ); שָׂדֶה׳ת 2 Kings 8:6; 2Chronicles 31:5; כֶּרֶם ׳תּ Deuteronomy 22:9 compare Psalm 107:37; ׳לָחֶם תּ חָאֲדָמָה Isaiah 30:23; גֹּרֶן ׳תּ & יָ֑קֶב ׳תּ Numbers 18:30; זֶרַע ׳תּ Deuteronomy 14:22; דָּגָן ׳תּ2Chron 32:38; as property of husbandmen, or people Leviticus 25:20; Deuteronomy 14:28; Deuteronomy 16:25; Deuteronomy 26:12; Proverbs 3:9; crops as determined by season, שָׁ֑מֶשׁ ׳תּ Deuteronomy 33:14 ("" גֶרֶשׁ יְרָחִים); yield of a year שָׁנָה Leviticus 25:12,22; compare Leviticus 25:21 ׳עָשָׂה תּ, subject שָׁנָה. 2. a. income, revenue, in General Job 31:12 (almost = possessions) Proverbs 10:16; Proverbs 14:4; Proverbs 15:6; Proverbs 16:8; Ecclesiastes 5:9 compare Isaiah 23:3 (revenue of Tyre from trade with Egypt in bread stuffs). b. figurative gain of wisdom חָכְמָה ׳תּ Proverbs 3:14; Proverbs 8:19; product of lips (שְׂפָתָיו ׳תּ) Proverbs 18:20, i.e. results of his speech ("" מְּרִי פִיאִֿישׁ); of Israel as Yahweh's product Jeremiah 2:3; of Israel's wickedness Jeremiah 12:13. Topical Lexicon Root Concept and Range of Meaning תְּבוּאָה (tevûʾâ) speaks of what the earth or one’s labor “brings in” — grain, fruit, revenue, or profit. It can indicate literal harvest (Exodus 23:16) or figurative gain (Proverbs 18:20). Agricultural Setting in Ancient Israel Israel’s economy was agrarian; rainfall patterns and soil fertility meant that grain, grapes, and olives determined national wellbeing. תְּבוּאָה became shorthand for livelihood itself. Seasonal rhythms (early rains, latter rains, threshing floors, wine-presses) framed worship, work, and war (2 Samuel 11:1). Torah Foundations: Blessing, Tithe, and Jubilee 1. Covenant Blessing. “He will bless the fruit of your womb and the produce of your land” (Deuteronomy 7:13). Abundant תְּבוּאָה confirmed the Lord’s favor (Deuteronomy 28:4, 11; 30:9); barrenness signaled covenant breach (Deuteronomy 28:18, 33, 51). Historical Narratives: National Prosperity and Famine Joseph’s policy “stored up every bit of the produce of the surrounding fields” (Genesis 41:48) and preserved nations. Hezekiah’s reforms prompted gifts of “abundant produce of the field” (2 Chronicles 31:5). Conversely, in drought under Ahab, harvest failed and the prophet Elijah announced judgment (1 Kings 17). Wisdom Literature: Ethical and Spiritual Harvest Proverbs employs תְּבוּאָה to link diligence and righteousness with plenty: The capable wife “considers a field and buys it; from the fruit of her hands she plants a vineyard” (Proverbs 31:16). Wisdom, labor, and foresight guarantee lasting gain. Prophetic Voices: Judgment and Restoration Prophets invoke תְּבוּאָה to expose sin and promise renewal. Yet hope shines: “The seed will still be prosperous; the vine will yield its fruit, the ground will yield its produce” (Zechariah 8:12). Cultic Administration and Temple Support Post-exilic leaders restored tithe logistics: “We will bring to the storerooms of the house of our God… the firstfruits of our land and of all our produce” (Nehemiah 10:37; cf. 12:44; 13:5, 12). Faithful supply sustained priests, singers, and gatekeepers and guarded worship from state control. Covenantal Theology of Provision Tevûʾâ functions as barometer of obedience. Material yield is never autonomous; the Lord “opens the heavens” (Deuteronomy 28:12) or “calls for a drought on the grain” (Haggai 1:11). Scripture thus integrates spirituality and economics: holiness affects rainfall, justice affects barns. Socio-Economic Care for the Vulnerable Gleaning laws (Leviticus 19:9-10) and third-year tithes (Deuteronomy 14:28-29) redistributed tevûʾâ to the powerless. The righteous king and farmer alike were measured by generosity. Failure to deliver wages (Jeremiah 22:13) or manipulate weights (Amos 8:5-6) invited harvest failure. Ministry and Stewardship Applications 1. Giving: Regular, proportional generosity (1 Corinthians 16:2) mirrors Old-Testament tithing of produce. Christological and Eschatological Trajectory Jesus is the firstfruits of resurrection (1 Corinthians 15:20), guaranteeing a final harvest when angels “gather the elect” (Matthew 24:31). Revelation pictures “another angel… saying, ‘Swing your sickle and reap, for the time to reap has come, because the harvest of the earth is ripe’” (Revelation 14:15). Old-Testament tevûʾâ foreshadows this global ingathering. Select References Featuring תְּבוּאָה Exodus 23:16; Deuteronomy 14:22; Deuteronomy 28:4; Proverbs 3:9-10; Proverbs 14:4; Isaiah 23:3; Jeremiah 2:3; Hosea 2:8-9; Joel 1:10; Haggai 1:6; Zechariah 8:12. Key Insights • Tevûʾâ unifies theology and daily life: harvest belongs to God. Forms and Transliterations בַּתְּבוּאֹ֔ת בתבואת הַתְּבוּאָ֔ה הַתְּבוּאָ֣ה התבואה וְכִתְבוּאַ֥ת וּ֝תְבוּאָתִ֗י וּבִתְבוּאַ֖ת וּתְבוּאַ֖ת וּתְבוּאָתָ֣הּ ובתבואת וכתבואת ותבואת ותבואתה ותבואתי כִּתְבוּאַ֥ת כתבואת לִתְבוּאַ֥ת לתבואת מִתְּבוּאַת֙ מִתְּבוּאֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם מתבואת מתבואתיכם תְּ֝בוּא֗וֹת תְּב֖וּאָתִ֣י תְּב֣וּאָתָ֔הּ תְּבֽוּאָתָ֑הּ תְּבוּאַ֖ת תְּבוּאַ֣ת תְּבוּאָ֣תְךָ֔ תְּבוּאָֽתְךָ֙ תְּבוּאָת֑וֹ תְּבוּאָתְךָ֛ תְּבוּאָתֵֽנוּ׃ תְּבוּאָתֶֽךָ׃ תְּבוּאָתָ֖הּ תְּבוּאָתָֽהּ׃ תְּבוּאָתֹ֑ה תְּבוּאֹ֔ת תְּבוּאֹ֣ת תְבֽוּאָה׃ תְבֽוּאָתֹו֙ תְבוּאָ֑ה תְבוּאֹ֖ת תבואה תבואה׃ תבואות תבואת תבואתה תבואתה׃ תבואתו תבואתי תבואתך תבואתך׃ תבואתנו׃ bat·tə·ḇū·’ōṯ battəḇū’ōṯ battevuOt hat·tə·ḇū·’āh hattəḇū’āh hattevuAh kiṯ·ḇū·’aṯ kiṯḇū’aṯ kitvuAt liṯ·ḇū·’aṯ liṯḇū’aṯ litvuAt mit·tə·ḇū·’aṯ mit·tə·ḇū·’ō·ṯê·ḵem mittəḇū’aṯ mittəḇū’ōṯêḵem mittevuAt mittevuOteiChem tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯāh tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯe·ḵā tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯə·ḵā tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯê·nū tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯî tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯōh tə·ḇū·’ā·ṯōw ṯə·ḇū·’ā·ṯōw ṯə·ḇū·’āh tə·ḇū·’aṯ tə·ḇū·’ō·wṯ tə·ḇū·’ōṯ ṯə·ḇū·’ōṯ ṯəḇū’āh təḇū’aṯ təḇū’āṯāh təḇū’āṯeḵā təḇū’āṯəḵā təḇū’āṯênū təḇū’āṯî təḇū’āṯōh təḇū’āṯōw ṯəḇū’āṯōw təḇū’ōṯ ṯəḇū’ōṯ təḇū’ōwṯ teVuah tevuAt tevuaTah tevuAtecha tevuaTenu teVuaTi tevuaTo tevuaToh tevuOt ū·ḇiṯ·ḇū·’aṯ ū·ṯə·ḇū·’ā·ṯāh ū·ṯə·ḇū·’ā·ṯî ū·ṯə·ḇū·’aṯ ūḇiṯḇū’aṯ ūṯəḇū’aṯ ūṯəḇū’āṯāh ūṯəḇū’āṯî utevuAt utevuaTah utevuaTi uvitvuAt vechitvuAt wə·ḵiṯ·ḇū·’aṯ wəḵiṯḇū’aṯLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Genesis 47:24 HEB: וְהָיָה֙ בַּתְּבוּאֹ֔ת וּנְתַתֶּ֥ם חֲמִישִׁ֖ית NAS: At the harvest you shall give a fifth KJV: And it shall come to pass in the increase, that ye shall give INT: become the harvest shall give A fifth Exodus 23:10 Leviticus 19:25 Leviticus 23:39 Leviticus 25:3 Leviticus 25:7 Leviticus 25:12 Leviticus 25:15 Leviticus 25:16 Leviticus 25:20 Leviticus 25:21 Leviticus 25:22 Leviticus 25:22 Numbers 18:30 Numbers 18:30 Deuteronomy 14:22 Deuteronomy 14:28 Deuteronomy 16:15 Deuteronomy 22:9 Deuteronomy 26:12 Deuteronomy 33:14 Joshua 5:12 2 Kings 8:6 2 Chronicles 31:5 2 Chronicles 32:28 42 Occurrences |