Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H4080 מִדְיָן (Midyan): Refers to the land and people of Midian.
• H4084 מִדְיָנִי (Midyani): Refers to a Midianite or pertaining to Midian.

This entry provides a comprehensive understanding of the term Μαδιάμ as it appears in the biblical text, offering insights into its historical, cultural, and theological significance.

Usage: The term Μαδιάμ is used in the New Testament to refer to the land and people of Midian. It appears in the context of historical references to the Old Testament narratives.

Context: • Historical Background: Midian is a significant region and people group mentioned throughout the Old Testament. The Midianites were descendants of Midian, one of the sons of Abraham and Keturah (Genesis 25:1-2). The land of Midian is generally located in the northwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula, near the Gulf of Aqaba.

• Biblical Significance: The Midianites play a crucial role in several biblical narratives. Moses fled to the land of Midian after killing an Egyptian and married Zipporah, the daughter of Jethro, the priest of Midian (Exodus 2:15-21). The Midianites were also involved in the story of Balaam and the subsequent seduction of the Israelites (Numbers 22-25). Gideon famously defeated the Midianites with a small army, as recorded in Judges 6-8.

• New Testament Reference: In the New Testament, the term Μαδιάμ is used in Acts 7:29, where Stephen recounts the history of Israel, mentioning Moses' flight to Midian: "At this remark, Moses fled to the land of Midian, where he lived as a foreigner and had two sons" (BSB).

• Cultural and Theological Insights: The Midianites, though related to the Israelites through Abraham, often stood in opposition to them, serving as a reminder of the complex relationships between the descendants of Abraham. Theologically, the interactions between Israel and Midian highlight themes of faithfulness, idolatry, and divine deliverance.