Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The concept of μακροθυμός in the Greek New Testament is closely related to the Hebrew word אֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם (erek apayim), which is often translated as "slow to anger" or "long-suffering." This Hebrew term is used to describe God's patience and is found in passages such as Exodus 34:6 and Psalm 103:8.

Usage: The word μακροθυμός is used in the New Testament to describe a characteristic of God and a virtue that believers are encouraged to cultivate. It is often translated as "patience" or "long-suffering" in English Bible translations.

Context: • Theological Significance: In the New Testament, μακροθυμός is a key attribute of God, reflecting His patience and forbearance towards humanity. It is an essential aspect of His character, demonstrating His willingness to delay judgment and offer opportunities for repentance. This divine patience is a model for believers, who are called to exhibit the same long-suffering nature in their interactions with others.
• Biblical Context: The concept of μακροθυμός is frequently associated with love and humility. In 1 Corinthians 13:4, love is described as patient, highlighting the integral role of μακροθυμία (the noun form) in the Christian understanding of love. Similarly, in Ephesians 4:2, believers are urged to be "completely humble and gentle; be patient, bearing with one another in love."
• Practical Application: Christians are encouraged to develop μακροθυμός as part of their spiritual growth. This involves exercising restraint in the face of provocation, maintaining hope during trials, and showing mercy to others. It is a fruit of the Spirit, as outlined in Galatians 5:22, and is essential for maintaining unity and peace within the Christian community.
• Scriptural Examples:
• James 5:8-9 (BSB): "You too, be patient and strengthen your hearts, because the Lord’s coming is near. Do not grumble against one another, brothers, so that you will not be judged. The Judge is standing at the door!"
• 2 Peter 3:9 (BSB): "The Lord is not slow to fulfill His promise as some understand slowness, but is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish but everyone to come to repentance."