Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H5221 נָכָה (nakah): To strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, or kill.
• H4347 מַכָּה (makkah): A blow, wound, or plague.

These Hebrew terms share a similar semantic field with μαστίζω, encompassing the ideas of striking or inflicting physical punishment. They are used in the Old Testament to describe acts of physical discipline or divine judgment.

Usage: The term μαστίζω is used in the New Testament to describe the act of whipping or scourging, often as a form of punishment or discipline. It appears in contexts where physical punishment is administered, either as a judicial penalty or as a form of persecution.

Context: The Greek verb μαστίζω is primarily associated with the act of scourging or whipping, a common form of punishment in ancient times. In the New Testament, it is used both literally and metaphorically. The literal use refers to the physical act of flogging, often as a judicial punishment. For example, in Matthew 10:17, Jesus warns His disciples, "Be on your guard against men; they will hand you over to the local councils and flog you in their synagogues." This reflects the reality of persecution faced by early Christians.

The metaphorical use of μαστίζω can be seen in contexts where suffering or divine discipline is described. In Hebrews 12:6, it is written, "For the Lord disciplines the one He loves, and He chastises every son He receives." Here, the term conveys the idea of corrective discipline, akin to a father disciplining a child for their betterment.

The act of scourging was a severe form of punishment, often leaving lasting physical marks and serving as a public deterrent. In the Roman context, it was sometimes a precursor to crucifixion, as seen in the account of Jesus' passion. The use of μαστίζω in the New Testament underscores the harsh realities of punishment and persecution faced by individuals, as well as the broader theme of suffering and endurance in the Christian life.