Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • Strong's Hebrew 5003: נָאַף (na'aph) • to commit adultery
• Strong's Hebrew 5004: נֹאֵף (no'ef) • an adulterer

These Hebrew terms reflect the Old Testament's treatment of adultery, which is consistently condemned as a violation of the covenant relationship between God and His people, as well as between spouses. The continuity between the Old and New Testament teachings on adultery underscores its significance as a moral and spiritual issue.

Usage: The term μοιχός is used in the New Testament to describe individuals who engage in adultery, highlighting moral and spiritual unfaithfulness. It is often used in a literal sense but can also carry metaphorical implications of unfaithfulness to God.

Context: The term μοιχός appears in several New Testament passages, emphasizing the gravity of adultery as a sin. In the context of the biblical narrative, adultery is not only a breach of marital vows but also a violation of God's commandments. The New Testament reiterates the Old Testament's condemnation of adultery, underscoring its destructive impact on personal relationships and community integrity.

In the Gospels, Jesus addresses the issue of adultery, expanding its definition beyond physical acts to include lustful thoughts (Matthew 5:28, BSB: "But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman to lust after her has already committed adultery with her in his heart"). This teaching elevates the standard of purity and faithfulness, calling believers to a higher moral and spiritual commitment.

The Apostle Paul also warns against adultery in his epistles, listing it among the works of the flesh that are contrary to the Spirit (Galatians 5:19, BSB: "The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality, impurity, and debauchery"). Adultery is portrayed as a sin that not only harms individuals but also disrupts the unity and holiness of the Christian community.

The metaphorical use of μοιχός is evident in James 4:4 (BSB: "You adulteresses! Do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God?"), where spiritual unfaithfulness is likened to adultery, illustrating the seriousness of divided loyalties between God and worldly desires.