Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • The Hebrew equivalent often associated with the concept of toil and labor is עָמָל (amal) [Strong's Hebrew 5999], which similarly conveys the idea of labor, trouble, or hardship. Another related term is יְגִיעַ (yegia) [Strong's Hebrew 3018], which also denotes labor or toil. These terms are used in the Old Testament to describe the burdensome nature of work and the struggles faced by individuals.

Usage: • The term μόχθος is used in the New Testament to describe physical or mental exertion, often in the context of apostolic labor or the struggles faced by believers.

Context: • The Greek word μόχθος appears in the New Testament to depict the arduous nature of work and the challenges faced by individuals, particularly in the context of ministry and the Christian life. It is used to emphasize the dedication and perseverance required in the face of difficulties. The Apostle Paul frequently uses this term to describe his own experiences and the efforts of his fellow workers in spreading the Gospel.

• In 2 Corinthians 11:27, Paul recounts his experiences, stating, "in labor and toil and often without sleep, in hunger and thirst and often without food, in cold and exposure." Here, μόχθος is translated as "labor," highlighting the physical and emotional demands of his missionary journeys.

• In 1 Thessalonians 2:9, Paul reminds the Thessalonians, "Surely you recall, brothers, our labor and toil. We worked night and day so as not to be a burden to anyone while we proclaimed to you the gospel of God." The use of μόχθος underscores the selfless dedication and effort put forth in ministry.

• The term also appears in 2 Thessalonians 3:8, where Paul again emphasizes the importance of hard work and self-sufficiency, stating, "nor did we eat anyone’s bread without paying for it. Instead, in labor and toil we worked night and day, so that we would not be a burden to any of you."

• The concept of μόχθος is not limited to physical labor but extends to the spiritual and emotional struggles encountered in the Christian walk. It serves as a reminder of the perseverance and commitment required to live a life of faith and service.