b. a fasting to which one is driven by want: 2 Corinthians 6:5; 2 Corinthians 11:27; (Hippocrates, Aristotle, Philo, Josephus, Plutarch, Aelian, Athen., others; the Sept. for צום).

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The concept of fasting in the Hebrew Bible is often represented by the word צוֹם (tsom), Strong's Hebrew 6685, which similarly denotes abstaining from food for religious purposes. Another related term is עָנָה (anah), Strong's Hebrew 6031, which can mean "to afflict" or "to humble," often used in the context of fasting as a form of self-denial.

Usage: The word νηστεία is used in the New Testament to describe the act of fasting, typically as a spiritual discipline or religious observance. It appears in contexts where individuals or groups abstain from food to seek God's guidance, express repentance, or devote themselves to prayer.

Context: The concept of fasting, denoted by the Greek term νηστεία, holds significant importance in biblical tradition. In the New Testament, fasting is often associated with prayer and spiritual devotion. It is seen as a means of humbling oneself before God, seeking divine intervention, or preparing for a significant spiritual event.

In the Gospels, Jesus speaks about fasting in the context of spiritual discipline. In Matthew 6:16-18 (BSB), Jesus instructs His followers on the proper attitude and demeanor when fasting, emphasizing sincerity and humility rather than outward show. He says, "When you fast, do not be somber like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces to show men they are fasting. Truly I tell you, they already have their reward. But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, so that your fasting will not be obvious to men, but only to your Father, who is unseen. And your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you."

Fasting is also depicted as a communal practice in the early church. In Acts 13:2-3 (BSB), the church at Antioch fasts and prays before commissioning Barnabas and Saul for missionary work: "While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, 'Set apart for Me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them.' So after they had fasted and prayed, they laid their hands on them and sent them off."

The practice of fasting is rooted in the Jewish tradition, where it was observed on specific occasions such as the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) and during times of national crisis or personal repentance. In the New Testament, fasting continues to be a significant spiritual practice, reflecting a heart posture of dependence on God and a desire for spiritual renewal.