Original Word: παροξύνω
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: paroxunó
Pronunciation: pah-rox-OO-no
Phonetic Spelling: (par-ox-oo'-no)
Definition: To provoke, to stir up, to incite
Meaning: I arouse anger, provoke, irritate.

easily provoke, stir.

From para and a derivative of oxus; to sharpen alongside, i.e. (figuratively) to exasperate -- easily provoke, stir.

see GREEK para

see GREEK oxus

3947 paroksýnō (from 3844 /pará, "alongside" and oxys, "a sharp edge") – properly, cut close alongside, i.e. to incite ("jab") someone and stimulate their feelings (emotions); "become emotionally provoked (upset, roused to anger)" (A-S), as personally "getting to someone"; (figuratively) "to provoke feelings, spurring someone to action" (Souter).

Word Origin
from para and oxunó (to sharpen)
Definition
to sharpen, fig. to stimulate, to provoke
NASB Translation
provoked (2).

STRONGS NT 3947: παροξύνω

παροξύνω: properly, to make sharp, to sharpen (παρά, IV. 3): τήν μάχαιραν, Deuteronomy 32:41. Metaphorically, (so always in secular authors from Euripides, Thucydides, Xenophon down), a. to stimulate, spur on, urge (πρός τί, ἐπί τί).

b. to irritate, provoke, rouse to anger; passive, present παροξύνομαι; imperfect παρωξυνομην: Acts 17:16; 1 Corinthians 13:5. The Sept. chiefly for נָאַץ, to scorn, despise; besides for הִכְעִיס, to provoke, make angry, Deuteronomy 9:18; Psalm 105:29 (); Isaiah 65:3; for הִקְצִיף, to exasperate, Deuteronomy 9:7, 22, etc.; passive for חָרָה, to burn with anger, Hosea 8:5; Zechariah 10:3, and for other verbs.

Word Origin: Derived from παρά (para, "beside") and ὀξύς (oxys, "sharp" or "keen").

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H3707 כָּעַס (ka'as): To provoke, to anger.
• H2734 חָרָה (charah): To burn, be kindled with anger.
• H7264 רָגַז (ragaz): To tremble, quake, be agitated or excited.

These Hebrew terms similarly convey the idea of provocation or stirring up emotions, often in the context of anger or agitation, paralleling the Greek usage of παροξύνω.

Usage: The term παροξύνω is used in the New Testament to describe the act of provoking or stirring up emotions, often in the context of anger or irritation. It can also imply a sharpening or intensifying of feelings or actions.

Context: The Greek verb παροξύνω appears in the New Testament in contexts that involve emotional or spiritual provocation. It is used to describe both negative and positive forms of stimulation. In Acts 17:16, Paul is described as having his spirit "provoked" within him when he observed the idolatry in Athens: "While Paul was waiting for them in Athens, he was deeply distressed to see that the city was full of idols." Here, the term conveys a sense of righteous indignation or spiritual agitation in response to idolatry.

In 1 Corinthians 13:5, the term is used in the context of love, which "is not easily angered" (or "provoked"): "It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no account of wrongs." This usage highlights the ideal of love as patient and not prone to irritation or provocation.

Another notable usage is found in Hebrews 10:24, where believers are encouraged to "spur one another on toward love and good deeds": "And let us consider how to spur one another on to love and good deeds." Here, παροξύνω is used in a positive sense, suggesting the encouragement and motivation of others towards virtuous actions.

The term thus encompasses a range of emotional responses, from negative irritation to positive encouragement, depending on the context in which it is used.

παροξύναι παροξύναντες παροξύναντές παρόξυνε παροξυνεί παροξύνει παροξυνεται παροξύνεται παροξυνθείς παροξυνθής παροξύνουσα παροξυνούσί παροξυνώ παροξύνων παρωξύναμεν παρώξυναν παρώξυνάν παρώξυνας παρωξύνατε παρωξύνατέ παρώξυνε παρώξυνεν παρωξυνετο παρωξύνετο παρωξύνθη παρωξύνθην paroxunetai paroxuneto parōxuneto paroxynetai paroxýnetai paroxyneto paroxýneto parōxyneto parōxýnetoInterlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts