Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • H1347 גֵּאָה (ge'ah) • pride, arrogance
• H1346 גָּאוֹן (ga'on) • exaltation, majesty, pride
• H2087 זָדוֹן (zadown) • insolence, presumptuousness, pride

These Hebrew terms similarly convey the concept of pride and arrogance, often in opposition to God's will and character. They are used throughout the Old Testament to describe the attitude of those who elevate themselves above others and God, leading to their eventual downfall.

Usage: The word ὑπερηφανία is used in the New Testament to describe a sinful attitude of pride that is contrary to the humility expected of believers. It is often associated with a lack of submission to God and a disregard for others.

Context: ὑπερηφανία is a concept that is consistently condemned throughout the Scriptures. It is seen as a root of many other sins, as it elevates the self above God and others. In the New Testament, ὑπερηφανία is mentioned in Mark 7:22, where Jesus lists it among the evils that come from within a person and defile them: "sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery, greed, wickedness, deceit, debauchery, envy, slander, arrogance, and folly" (BSB). This highlights the destructive nature of pride and its ability to corrupt the heart.

Theologically, ὑπερηφανία is understood as a fundamental opposition to the character of God, who is described as humble and self-giving. The apostle James warns against pride, stating, "God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble" (James 4:6, BSB). This reflects the biblical principle that pride leads to downfall, while humility leads to exaltation.

In the broader biblical narrative, pride is often illustrated through the stories of individuals who defy God, such as Pharaoh in the Exodus account or King Nebuchadnezzar in the Book of Daniel. These narratives serve as cautionary tales about the consequences of ὑπερηφανία.