Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent to φιλόξενος, the concept of hospitality is present in the Old Testament. The Hebrew word גּוּר (gur, Strong's H1481), meaning "to sojourn" or "to dwell as a foreigner," often involves the treatment of strangers and sojourners, reflecting the broader biblical theme of hospitality. Another related term is חֶסֶד (chesed, Strong's H2617), which denotes loving-kindness and mercy, qualities that underpin the practice of hospitality.

Usage: The term φιλόξενος is used in the New Testament to describe the virtue of hospitality, particularly the love and care shown to strangers or guests. It is a quality expected of church leaders and believers, reflecting a Christ-like love and openness to others.

Context: The concept of hospitality, encapsulated in the Greek word φιλόξενος, is a significant theme in the New Testament. It is a virtue that is highly esteemed and is often associated with the character and qualifications of church leaders. In 1 Timothy 3:2, the Apostle Paul lists hospitality as a necessary trait for overseers: "An overseer, then, must be above reproach, the husband of but one wife, temperate, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach." Similarly, in Titus 1:8, Paul reiterates that an elder must be "hospitable, a lover of good, self-controlled, upright, holy, and disciplined."

The practice of hospitality in the early Christian community was not merely a social nicety but a vital expression of Christian love and fellowship. It involved welcoming travelers, providing for their needs, and offering a safe haven. This practice was especially important in a time when inns were scarce and often unsafe. The early church saw hospitality as a reflection of God's love and a means of building community and spreading the Gospel.

Hebrews 13:2 further emphasizes the importance of hospitality: "Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for by so doing some people have entertained angels without knowing it." This verse alludes to the Old Testament stories of Abraham and Lot, who unknowingly hosted angelic visitors, highlighting the potential divine encounters that hospitality can bring.

The virtue of φιλόξενος is not limited to church leaders but is a calling for all believers. In 1 Peter 4:9, Christians are exhorted to "show hospitality to one another without complaining." This command underscores the selfless and generous nature of true hospitality, which is to be offered willingly and joyfully.