Lexical Summary paresis: Passing over, overlooking, remission Original Word: παράβασις Strong's Exhaustive Concordance remission. From ktetor; praetermission, i.e. Toleration -- remission. see GREEK ktetor HELPS Word-studies 3929 páresis(from 3844 /pará, "from close-beside" and hiēmi, "let go") – properly, to release something closely felt, i.e. an " 'overlooking, suspension, remission' of punishment for" (Souter). 3929 /páresis ("passed-over-from-close-beside") is used only in Ro 3:25, of God releasing His judgment on sin in the OT when redeeming believers. This was based on the absolutely sure, upcoming sacrifice of Christ – "retroactively applied" to them in God's immutable, eternal plan. [3929 (páresis) means "remission of punishment" in the papyri (BGU II. 624, i.e. during time of Diocletian). Thus it implies "remission of debt" (MM).] NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom pariémi Definition a letting go NASB Translation passed over (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 3929: πάρεσιςπάρεσις, παρεσισεως, ἡ (παρίημι, which see), pretermission, passing over, letting pass, neglecting, disregarding: διά τήν πάρεσιν ... ἀνοχή τοῦ Θεοῦ, because God had patiently let pass the sins committed previously (to the expiatory death of Christ), i. e. bad tolerated, had not punished (and so man's conception of his holiness was in danger of becoming dim, if not extinct), Romans 3:25, where cf. Fritzsche; (Trench, § xxxiii. (Hippocrates, Dionysius Halicarnassus, others)). Topical Lexicon Definition and Conceptual Background The term translated “forbearance” (Romans 3:25) conveys God’s deliberate decision to “pass over” sins already committed, postponing their just penalty until the redemptive work of Jesus Christ. It is not indifference toward sin but a purposeful suspension of judgment so that His saving plan might be unfolded in history. Biblical Usage Paul’s single use in Romans 3:25 lies at the heart of his argument that “all have sinned” (Romans 3:23) and that God remains righteous while justifying sinners. By highlighting divine forbearance, Paul explains how God preserved His own justice during the long centuries before the cross. The verse reads: “God presented Him as an atoning sacrifice, through faith in His blood, in order to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance He had passed over the sins committed beforehand” (Romans 3:25). Old Testament Foundations Throughout the Hebrew Scriptures God repeatedly restrained immediate wrath: Such episodes foreshadowed a greater provision yet to come. They were not full pardons but provisional stays of execution, anticipating the once-for-all sacrifice. New Testament Fulfillment At Calvary the final account came due. The sins God had “passed over” were transferred to Christ, “the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world” (John 1:29). Thus the cross simultaneously vindicated God’s earlier restraint and secured eternal redemption (Hebrews 9:15). After that decisive event, forgiveness is proclaimed in terms of complete remission rather than temporary forbearance (Acts 13:38; Ephesians 1:7). Theological Significance 1. Vindication of Divine Righteousness. Forbearance without satisfaction could appear unjust. The cross resolves that tension by displaying both justice and grace (Romans 3:26). Comparison with Related Terms • “Forbearance” (Romans 3:25) stresses deferment of penalty. Both meet in Christ: what God delayed, He finally removed. Historical Doctrinal Reflections Early Fathers (e.g., Athanasius) saw the cross as a public demonstration that God had not ignored sin. Reformers such as John Calvin emphasized that the Old Testament sacrificial system pointed to Christ and that divine patience under the Law was justified only by the coming atonement. Protestant confessions continue to affirm that God’s mercy in former ages anticipated the blood of Christ. Pastoral and Practical Applications 1. Gratitude and Worship. Believers marvel that God withheld judgment until He could bear it Himself. Implications for Evangelism and Discipleship The era of forbearance urges urgent proclamation: “Now is the day of salvation” (2 Corinthians 6:2). God’s patience serves a missionary purpose (2 Peter 3:9). Discipleship training should therefore highlight both the severity and kindness of God (Romans 11:22), motivating faithful obedience. Conclusion Strong’s Greek 3929 captures a crucial phase in redemptive history—God’s temporary suspension of judgment that culminated in the cross. Rightly understood, it magnifies the holiness, wisdom, and love of God and calls the church to grateful worship, earnest repentance, and vigorous gospel witness. Forms and Transliterations παρεσιν πάρεσιν paresin páresinLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel Texts |