Lexical Summary antitupos: Antitype, counterpart, corresponding figure Original Word: ἀντίτυπος Strong's Exhaustive Concordance representative, counterpartNeuter of a compound of anti and tupos; corresponding ("antitype"), i.e. A representative, counterpart -- (like) figure (whereunto). see GREEK anti see GREEK tupos HELPS Word-studies 499 antítypon (from 473/antí, "corresponding to" and 5179/typos, "type") – properly, an antitype which corresponds to (fulfills) a type (a predictive symbol). See 5179 /typos ("a theological type") for extended discussion. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originfrom anti and tupos Definition struck back, corresponding to NASB Translation copy (1), corresponding (1). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 499: ἀντίτυποςἀντίτυπος, ἀντίτυπον (τύπτω), in Greek writings: 1. properly, a. actively, repelling a blow, striking back, echoing, reflecting light; resisting, rough, hard. b. passively, struck back, repelled. 2. metaphorically, rough, harsh, obstinate, hostile. In the N. T. language ἀντίτυπον as a substantive means: 1. a thing formed after some pattern (τύπος (which see 4 a.)) (German Abbild): Hebrews 9:24 (R. V. like in pattern). 2. "a thing resembling another, its counterpart; something in the Messianic times which answers to the type" (see τύπος, 4 γ.) prefiguring it in the O. T. (German Gegenbild, English antitype), as baptism corresponds to the deluge: 1 Peter 3:21 (R. V. text after a true likeness). Topical Lexicon Definition within Biblical Typology Strong’s Greek 499 identifies realities that correspond to divinely given “types” (pre-figuring patterns) in earlier revelation. Where a “type” points forward, the ἀντίτυπον or ἀντίτυπα declare the fulfillment or heavenly counterpart that completes God’s redemptive storyline. Thus the word functions as a bridge between shadow and substance, promise and consummation, prophetic picture and realized grace. Occurrences in Scripture 1. Hebrews 9:24 employs the plural ἀντίτυπα to describe the earthly tabernacle and its furnishings: “For Christ did not enter a man-made copy of the true sanctuary, but He entered heaven itself, now to appear on our behalf in the presence of God”. Heavenly Worship versus Earthly Shadows Hebrews recognizes the entire Levitical system as a God-ordained sketch. Yet once Christ appears, the copy yields to the original. The epistle’s argument rests on the reliability of Scripture: because God Himself authored the pattern shown to Moses, the fulfillment must surely follow. The word ἀντίτυπα, therefore, affirms both the validity of the tabernacle ritual in its time and the superiority of Christ’s once-for-all priestly work. For ministry today, this passage safeguards reverence for Old Testament revelation while urging believers to set their hope on the heavenly sanctuary where the risen Lord intercedes. Baptism as Corresponding Reality Peter’s use pushes the conversation from cultic space to salvific event. The flood was God’s judgment and deliverance; baptism now stands as the corresponding reality that unites the believer with Christ’s death and resurrection (Romans 6:3-5). Peter is careful to exclude mere external washing. What counts is “the pledge of a clear conscience toward God”—an inner transaction authenticated in water. The term ἀντίτυπον guards against viewing baptism as a detached ritual; it is the divinely designated counterpart to an historical type, carrying genuine saving significance because of Jesus’ resurrection. Christological Center Both usages converge on the person and work of Jesus Christ. The heavenly sanctuary is accessible only through His atoning blood, and baptism saves only “through the resurrection of Jesus Christ.” The vocabulary of antitype heightens Christ’s uniqueness: every prior ordinance, narrative, or judgment finds its true shape in Him. Historical Reception Early church writers such as Justin Martyr and Irenaeus frequently employed the language of types and antitypes to demonstrate continuity between the Testaments. Patristic exegesis saw Noah’s ark, Red Sea passage, and sacrificial lambs as divinely scripted foreshadowings. While later allegorical excesses sometimes blurred boundaries, the basic insight remained: God governs history with purposeful patterns that culminate in the gospel. Pastoral and Liturgical Implications • Worship: Hebrews 9:24 encourages congregations to anchor praise in the heavenly venue where Christ ministers, fostering transcendence without neglecting embodied corporate gatherings. Eschatological Horizon If earthly copies point upward to a present heavenly reality, they also point forward to future consummation. Revelation 21-22 depicts the final sanctuary where God dwells with His people. Present faith, nourished by baptism and heavenly intercession, anticipates that climactic antitype when “the dwelling place of God is with man” (Revelation 21:3). Summary for Ministry Strong’s 499 calls believers to view redemptive history as a cohesive tapestry woven by one sovereign Author. The word safeguards appreciation for Old Testament forms, deepens sacramental understanding, and magnifies Christ as the substance behind every shadow. In teaching, counseling, and worship, it invites the church to live now in light of the realities to which God’s earlier patterns unfailingly point. Forms and Transliterations αντιτυπα αντίτυπα ἀντίτυπα αντιτυπον αντίτυπον ἀντίτυπον antitupa antitupon antitypa antítypa antitypon antítyponLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Hebrews 9:24 Adj-ANPGRK: ἅγια Χριστός ἀντίτυπα τῶν ἀληθινῶν NAS: made with hands, a [mere] copy of the TRUE one, KJV: made with hands, [which are] the figures of the true; INT: holy places Christ figures of the true [ones] 1 Peter 3:21 Adj-NNS Strong's Greek 499 |
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