Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for ἀγραυλέω, the concept of shepherding and dwelling in fields is prevalent in the Old Testament. Related Hebrew terms include:

- רָעָה (ra'ah, Strong's H7462): To pasture, tend, graze, or shepherd.
- מִדְבָּר (midbar, Strong's H4057): Wilderness, desert, or pastureland, often associated with areas where shepherds would graze their flocks.

These Hebrew terms provide a broader understanding of the pastoral lifestyle and the significance of shepherds in biblical narratives.

Usage: The term ἀγραυλέω is used in the context of shepherds or individuals who stay outdoors, typically in fields, to tend to their flocks or for other purposes. It conveys the idea of dwelling or abiding in the open air, often overnight.

Context: The Greek verb ἀγραυλέω appears in the New Testament in the context of the nativity narrative. It is used to describe the shepherds who were living in the fields at the time of Jesus' birth. This term highlights the pastoral lifestyle of shepherds in ancient times, who would often stay with their flocks in the fields to protect them from predators and thieves. The use of ἀγραυλέω in the Gospel of Luke emphasizes the humble and rustic setting of the shepherds, contrasting with the divine announcement they receive.

In Luke 2:8 (BSB), the verse states: "And there were shepherds residing in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks by night." This passage illustrates the shepherds' vigilance and dedication to their duties, as they were living outdoors to ensure the safety and well-being of their sheep. The shepherds' experience of receiving the angelic message while ἀγραυλέω underscores the theme of God's revelation to the humble and lowly.

The cultural and historical context of ἀγραυλέω provides insight into the daily life of shepherds during the time of Jesus. It reflects a lifestyle that was closely connected to nature and the rhythms of pastoral life. The shepherds' role as the first witnesses to the birth of Christ also symbolizes the inclusion of the marginalized and the fulfillment of messianic prophecies.