Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for καταχθόνιος, the concept of the underworld or realm of the dead is often represented by the Hebrew word שְׁאוֹל (Sheol, Strong's Hebrew 7585). Sheol is frequently depicted as a shadowy place where the dead reside, and it is sometimes associated with the grave or the pit. The idea of Sheol parallels the New Testament understanding of the underworld as a distinct realm beneath the earth.

Usage: The word καταχθόνιος appears in the New Testament in contexts that refer to the spiritual realm beneath the earth, often associated with the dead or demonic forces. It is used to emphasize the comprehensive scope of Christ's authority and the universal acknowledgment of His lordship.

Context: The term καταχθόνιος is found in Philippians 2:10, where it is used to describe the realm of beings that will acknowledge the lordship of Jesus Christ. The verse states, "that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth." Here, καταχθόνιος is translated as "under the earth," indicating the inclusion of all realms—celestial, terrestrial, and subterranean—in the recognition of Christ's authority. This reflects the biblical worldview of a three-tiered universe, where the heavens, the earth, and the underworld are distinct yet interconnected domains. The use of καταχθόνιος underscores the totality of Christ's dominion, extending even to the realm of the dead and any spiritual forces therein. This concept aligns with the broader biblical narrative of Christ's victory over sin, death, and all spiritual powers, affirming His ultimate sovereignty.